FDC Name:Darwin Miniature Sheet FDC.Issue Date:12th FEB'2009.
Details:Charles Robert Darwin FRS (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English naturalist who realised and demonstrated that all species of life have evolved over time from common ancestors through the process he called natural selection. The fact that evolution occurs became accepted by the scientific community and much of the general public in his lifetime, while his theory of natural selection came to be widely seen as the primary explanation of the process of evolution in the 1930s, and now forms the basis of modern evolutionary theory. In modified form, Darwin’s scientific discovery is the unifying theory of the life sciences, providing logical explanation for the diversity of life.
At Edinburgh University Darwin neglected medical studies to investigate marine invertebrates, then the University of Cambridge encouraged a passion for natural science. His five-year voyage on HMS Beagle established him as an eminent geologist whose observations and theories supported Charles Lyell’s uniformitarian ideas, and publication of his journal of the voyage made him famous as a popular author. Puzzled by the geographical distribution of wildlife and fossils he collected on the voyage, Darwin investigated the transmutation of species and conceived his theory of natural selection in 1838. Although he discussed his ideas with several naturalists, he needed time for extensive research and his geological work had priority. He was writing up his theory in 1858 when Alfred Russel Wallace sent him an essay which described the same idea, prompting immediate joint publication of both of their theories.
His 1859 book On the Origin of Species established evolutionary descent with modification as the dominant scientific explanation of diversification in nature. He examined human evolution and sexual selection in The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex, followed by The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. His research on plants was published in a series of books, and in his final book, he examined earthworms and their effect on soil.
In recognition of Darwin’s pre-eminence, he was one of only five 19th-century UK non-royal personages to be honoured by a state funeral,and was buried in Westminster Abbey, close to John Herschel and Isaac Newton.Following 4 nos of stamps was issued by Royal Mail in M/s.
At Edinburgh University Darwin neglected medical studies to investigate marine invertebrates, then the University of Cambridge encouraged a passion for natural science. His five-year voyage on HMS Beagle established him as an eminent geologist whose observations and theories supported Charles Lyell’s uniformitarian ideas, and publication of his journal of the voyage made him famous as a popular author. Puzzled by the geographical distribution of wildlife and fossils he collected on the voyage, Darwin investigated the transmutation of species and conceived his theory of natural selection in 1838. Although he discussed his ideas with several naturalists, he needed time for extensive research and his geological work had priority. He was writing up his theory in 1858 when Alfred Russel Wallace sent him an essay which described the same idea, prompting immediate joint publication of both of their theories.
His 1859 book On the Origin of Species established evolutionary descent with modification as the dominant scientific explanation of diversification in nature. He examined human evolution and sexual selection in The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex, followed by The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. His research on plants was published in a series of books, and in his final book, he examined earthworms and their effect on soil.
In recognition of Darwin’s pre-eminence, he was one of only five 19th-century UK non-royal personages to be honoured by a state funeral,and was buried in Westminster Abbey, close to John Herschel and Isaac Newton.Following 4 nos of stamps was issued by Royal Mail in M/s.
1st Class–Flightless Cormorant.With no natural predators on the Galapagos Islands the flightless cormorant has lost the need to fly.
1st Class–Giant Tortoise and Cactus Finch.Tortoises in each of the Islands have evolved different shell shapes. The cactus finch has evolved a long bill to cope with local conditions.
81p–Marine Iguana.The marine iguanas evolved from land forms to feed on sea weed and are adapted to cope with the cold temperatures encountered while diving
81p–Floreana Mockingbird.Darwin observed that each of the islands had their own species of mockingbirds and that all of them were similar to a species found on the South American mainland
Charles Darwin Miniature Sheet Technical Detais:
Number of stamps -4Size of Sheet-115mm x 89mm
Design-Howard Brown
Acknowledgements-Galapagos Islands map © Crown Copyright. Reproduced by permission of the UK Hydro graphic Office; images of the flightless cormorant, giant tortoise, cactus finch, marine iguana and Floreana mockingbird © Tui De Roy, Roving Tortoise Nature
Stamp Format-Landscape
Stamp Size-41mm x 30mm
Printer-De la Rue Security Printers
Print Process-Litho
Number per Sheet-4
Perforations-14.5 x 14
Phosphor-Bars
Gum-PVA
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